nūhou

Me ka holomua o ka manawa, ke uku nui nei ka poʻe i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, a ua lilo ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻenehana i mea alakaʻi hou. No laila, pono nā mea biodegradable. No laila he aha nā mea bio based?

ʻO nā mea biobased e pili ana i nā kumu waiwai biomass hou i hoʻokumu ʻia ma o photosynthesis ma ke ʻano he mea maka, i hoʻololi ʻia i nā huahana olaola ma o ka ʻenehana fermentation biological, a laila hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a polymerized i polymer environment friendly biomaterials. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā mea biodegradable i CO2 a me H20 ma lalo o ka hana microbial a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana compost. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea waiwai e pili ana i ka petroleum, hiki i nā mea bio-based ke hoʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu kalapona a hiki i ka 67%.

Nā hoʻokuʻu kalapona maʻamau i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa o kekahi mau polymers (kg CO2/kg huahana):

I ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hana me ka ʻole o nā huahana plastik, akā ʻike mākou a pau ʻaʻole pili ka plastic i ka nohona a ʻo ia ka huahana nui o ka "ʻōpala keʻokeʻo". Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa nā huahana plastik i ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka hopena, ua lilo nā plastic degradable i mea hou.

No kēia hopena, ua hoʻomohala nā ʻepekema i kahi huahana biodegradable -polylactic acid. ʻO kēia plastic, ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia mai ka mea kanu starch, he biodegradability maikaʻi loa a maikaʻi hoʻi i ke kaiapuni ma muli o kāna kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau e hoʻopau ai i nā mea waiwai petrochemical. ʻO ka polylactic acid (PLA) i kēia manawa kekahi o nā mea biodegradable i hoʻohana nui ʻia, hoʻohiki, a me ke kumu kūʻai.

He aha ka PLA?

Poli (ʻakika lactic), i hoopokoleiaPLA, i ʻike ʻia he polylactic acid,CAS 26100-51-6a i ʻoleCAS 26023-30-3. Hana ʻia ka polylactic acid mai ka biomass ma ke ʻano he kumu, mai ke ʻano maoli a no ke ʻano. Penei ke kaʻina hana hoʻololi o PLA - hiki i nā chemists ke hoʻololi maikaʻi i ka starch i unuhi ʻia mai nā mea kanu e like me ka kulina i LA ma o ka hydrolysis a me ka microbial fermentation step, a hoʻololi hou iā ia i PLA ma o ka polymerization condensation a i ʻole ka polymerization wehe apo, e hoʻokō i ka "magic" o ka huli ʻana. nā mea kanu i loko o nā plastic.

He aha nā ʻano a me nā pono o ka polylactic acid?

Degradable loa

Ma lalo o ka hana a nā microorganisms a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana composting, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa ʻia i CO2 a me H2O, a hiki i ka helu biodegradation pili ke piʻi ma luna o 90% ma hope o 180 mau lā.

Nā waiwai antibacterial kūlohelohe

Loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke pale i ka Candida albicans, Escherichia coli a me Staphylococcus aureus.

Biocompatibility

ʻO ka wai lactic acid kahi mea endogenous i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, a ʻo PLA kahi mea implant kanaka i hōʻoia ʻia e ka FDA, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki maikaʻi ke kaʻina hana

ʻO ka mahana wela o ka PLA he 170 ~ 230 ℃, a me nā ʻano hana like ʻole e like me extrusion, stretching, spinning, film blowing, injection molding, blow molding, a me blistering hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana.

ʻAʻole hiki ke puhi ʻia

ʻAʻole hiki ke puhi ʻia, me ka helu oxygen hope loa ma kahi o 21%, hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻohe uahi ʻeleʻele.

Nā mea maka hou

No nā kumu kalapona biomass i hana ʻia e ka photosynthesis ka mea maka o PLA.

Me ka hoʻonui mālie ʻana o ka ʻike kaiapuni o ka poʻe, e hoʻololi nā plastic biodegradable i nā mea ʻenehana petrochemical maikaʻi ʻole. Ke alo nei i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā plastic biodegradable e ka hui,PLAe hoʻokō i ke komo ʻana i nā māla i lalo i ka wā e hiki mai ana.