nūhou

He mea pono ka pale lā no nā wāhine o kēia au i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole hiki i ka pale lā ke hōʻemi wale i ka pōʻino o nā kukuna ultraviolet ma ka ʻili, akā pale pū i ka ʻelemakule ʻili a me nā maʻi ʻili e pili ana. Hana pinepine ʻia nā mea pale lā me ke kino, kemika, a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o nā ʻano ʻelua a hāʻawi i ka pale UV ākea. I mea e kōkua ai iā ʻoe e kūʻai maikaʻi i kā lākou sunscreen ponoʻī i ka wā e hiki mai ana, i kēia lā e lawe iā ʻoe mai nā mea hana kemika a me nā mea hana kino e kālailai i nā mea hana pono o ka sunscreen.

ʻĀpana hana kemika

ʻOktil methoxycinnamate

ʻO ka ʻOkilika metoksikinamate (OMC)ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hana sunscreen i hoʻohana nui ʻia. ʻO Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) kahi kānana UVB me ka piʻo absorption UV maikaʻi loa o 280 ~ 310 nm, ka nui o ka absorption, ka palekana maikaʻi, ka liʻiliʻi o ka toxicity, a me ka solubility maikaʻi i nā mea maka ʻaila. ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo octanoate a me 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate. Ua ʻae ʻia ka hui ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonani ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ka European Union (EU) ma nā ʻano o 7.5-10%.

Benzophenone-3

Benzophenone-3ʻO (BP-3) kahi pale lā organik ākea-band e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka ʻaila e omo i nā kukuna UVB a me nā kukuna UVA pōkole. Hoʻopau koke ʻia ʻo BP-3 ma lalo o ka radiation ultraviolet, e hōʻemi ana i kona pono a hana i nā nui o nā ʻano oxygen reactive. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ka nui o ka BP-3 i ʻae ʻia i loko o ka pale lā he 6%.

Benzophenone -4

Benzophenone-4Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo (BP-4) ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomoʻa ultraviolet ma nā ʻano a hiki i ka 10%. ʻO BP-4, e like me BP-3, he benzophenone derivative.

4-methylbenzyl camphor

ʻO 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-methylbenzylidene camphor, 4-MBC) a i ʻole enzacamene kahi mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka camphor organik ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomomona UVB i nā pale lā a me nā mea hoʻonani ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka hui e ka US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ʻae nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hui ma nā ʻano a hiki i ka 4%.

He ʻāpana lipophilic kiʻekiʻe ka 4-MBC i hiki ke komo ma o ka ʻili a aia i loko o nā ʻiʻo kanaka, me ka placenta. Loaʻa i ka 4-MBC ka hopena o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka endocrine estrogen, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka axis thyroid a me ka pale ʻana i ka hana o AChE. No laila, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka pale lā e loaʻa ana kēia mau mea me ke akahele.

3-benzal camphor

He hui lipophilic ka 3-benzylidene camphor (3-BC) e pili kokoke ana i ka 4-MBC. ʻO ka nui o ia mea i hoʻohana ʻia i nā huahana sunscreen ma ka ʻAhahui ʻEulopa he 2%.

E like me 4-MBC, ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo 3-BC he mea hoʻopilikia estrogen. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo 3-BC e hoʻopilikia i ka CNS. Eia hou, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka sunscreen e loaʻa ana kēia mau mea me ke akahele.

ʻOkilena

ʻO Octocrtriene (OC) kahi ester no ka hui cinnamate e omo i nā kukuna UVB a me UVA, me nā ʻano like ʻole a hiki i ka 10% i loko o nā pale lā a me nā mea hoʻonani o kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻĀpana hana kino

ʻO nā mea hana kino i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā pale lā, ʻo ia ka titanium dioxide (TiO2) a me ka zinc oxide (ZnO), a ʻo ko lākou mau ʻano he 5-10%, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka radiation ultraviolet (UVR) e hoʻokō ai i ke kumu o ka pale lā.

ʻO ka titanium dioxide

He mineral pauka keʻokeʻo ka Titanium dioxide i haku ʻia me ka titanium a me ka oxygen. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Titanium dioxide i ka meaʻai a me nā mea hoʻonani, ʻoiai ma muli o kona keʻokeʻo a me ka pono o nā pale lā UV.

ʻOkika zinc

He pauka keʻokeʻo ka zinc oxide me nā waiwai pale a hoʻomaʻemaʻe. He pale lā UV hoʻi ia e hōʻike ana i nā kukuna UVA a me UVB. Eia kekahi, he mau waiwai anti-inflammatory, astringent a maloʻo ka zinc. ʻO Zinc oxide, kahi pale lā i ʻike ʻia he palekana a maikaʻi hoʻi e ka US Food and Drug Administration, ʻo ia kekahi o lākou.

Ma hope o ka wehewehe ʻana o kēia ʻatikala, ua ʻike maikaʻi anei ʻoe i nā mea hana o ka sunscreen? E ʻoluʻolu e kelepona mai iaʻu inā he mau nīnau ʻē aʻe kāu.